Evaluation of genetic differentiation and search for candidate genes for reproductive traits in pigs

Romanets, Elena; Bakoev, Siroj; Romanets, Timofey; Kolosova, Maria; Kolosov, Anatoly; Bakoev, Faridun; Tretiakova, Olga; Usatov, Alexander; Getmantseva, Lyubov

doi:2024.37.5.832

Anim Biosci > Volume 37(5); 2024 > Article

Article

Animal Breeding and Genetics

Animal Bioscience 2024;37(5): 832-838.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.23.0297 Published online January 20, 2024.

Evaluation of genetic differentiation and search for candidate genes for reproductive traits in pigs

Elena Romanets^1,a

, Siroj Bakoev^1,2

, Lyubov Getmantseva^1,a

¹Faculty of Biotechnology, Don State Agrarian University, 346493, Rostov region, Oktyabrsky district, Russia
²Academy of Biology and Biotechnology named after. DI. Ivanovsky, Southern Federal University, 344090, Rostov region, Rostovon-Don, Russia

Correspondence: Maria Kolosova, Tel: +7-989-6134621, Email: m.leonovaa@mail.ru

Received: 11 August 2023 • Revised: 3 October 2023 • Accepted: 22 November 2023
^aThese authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Objective
The use of molecular genetic methods in pig breeding can significantly increase the efficiency of breeding and breeding work. We applied the F_st (fixsacion index) method, the main focus of the work was on the search for common options related to the number of born piglets and the weight of born piglets, since today the urgent task is to prevent a decrease in the weight of piglets at birth while maintaining high fertility of sows.
Methods
One approach is to scan the genome, followed by an assessment of F_st and identification of selectively selected regions. We chose Large White sows (n = 237) with the same conditions of keeping and feeding. The data were collected from the sows across three farrowing. For genotyping, we used GeneSeek GGP Porcine HD Genomic Profiler v1, which included 68,516 single nucleotide polymorphisms evenly distributed with an average spacing of 25 kb (Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA, USA).
Results
Based on the results of the F_st analysis, 724 variants representing selection signals for the signs BALWT, BALWT1, NBA, and TNB (weight of piglets born alive, average weight of the 1st piglets born alive, total number born alive, total number born). At the same time, 18 common variants have been identified that are potential markers for both the number of piglets at birth and the weight of piglets at birth, which is extremely important for breeding work to improve reproductive characteristics in sows.
Conclusion
Оur work resulted in identification of variants associated with the reproductive characteristics of pigs. Moreover, we identified, variants which are potential markers for both the number of piglets at birth and the weight of piglets at birth, which is extremely important for breeding work to improve reproductive performance in sows.

Keywords: Breeding; Fst; Genes; Pig; Reproductive Qualities; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)